The Jataka Tales are tales of wisdom and knowledge. They are considered to be of Buddhist origin. Although they were originally writtenaround 300 BC in Pali, they have now been translated into various languages on popular demand.
These Buddhist tales aim at imparting values of self-sacrifice, morality, honesty and integrity to people. There are about 547 Jataka Tales in all and they form an important part of the Buddhist literature. Jataka Tales represent former incarnations of Buddha from time to time. These incarnations can be animals, birds and sometimes human beings. The word Jataka means stories of former births of the Buddha. The Jataka Tales are believed to be narrated by Lord Buddha himself.
The Jataka Tales are based in and around Benares (Varanasi), a holy city in north central India. Before they came to be known as the Jataka Tales, these stories were known as Bodhisattva’s stories. These Jataka Tales focus on folklore, legends and ballads of ancient India. These tales have been passed over from generation to generation. They are also believed to have been carved on the stone walls of the Buddhist monuments to inspire the devotees. The most famous collection of the Jataka Tales in Sanskrit is the Jatakamala or Garland of Birth – Stories. These were compiled by the poet Aryasura.
The Jataka Tales stress on the following ten values that are essential for mankind: